# IW Long-distance movement and specialised hunting
14 0 50 10
# IW Toolkits and culture
9 0 50 11
# IW Social relations in the Upper Palaeolithic
19 1 50 15
# IW Sungir'
5 101 x A 23,000 year old mammoth tusk, its ends deliberately flattened, was found in a cave at Oblazowa in Poland. It is thought to have been used as a boomerang for hunting.
# Oblazowa, Timelines
15 101 x A settlement of houses built with the bones and tusks of mammoths, covered with hides. Many sites with such houses were built on the treeless steppe of the arctic during the cold period from 23,000-12,000 BC to provide shelter from the icy environment. A central hearth was used to heat the houses.
# Mezhirich, Bahn
21 102 B At Lake Mungo was found the earliest known cremation, a woman whose body had been partially burnt and the remaining bones deliberately smashed before being buried together in a small hollow. This burial was dated around 23,000 BC. In the same area the burial of an uncremated body dated 5000 years earlier has also been found.
# Lake Mungo, optional
6 102 C The world's earliest pottery was found in Japan from around 10,000 BC at sites like Nasunahara.
# Nasunahara, Pot
20 101 x One of the largest collections of burials of early modern people was found here: 18 individuals placed together in a pit covered by stone slabs and mammoth bones. The burials dated around 28-23,000 BC.
# Predmosti
28 101 x A body buried at Arene Candide around 20,000 BC was laid to rest with numerous seashells for decoration. A number of so-called 'batons de commandments' (antler objects containing a large perforation, of unknown use) were laid over his shoulders. It has been suggested that this individual may have had a special status in the community.
# Arene Candide, use head and
23 101 x A settlement at which were found a number of baked earth and ivory figurines including heads and Venus figurines, huts built of mammoth bones and a burial of a woman flanked by two men, dated around 24,000 BC.
# DolnÌ Vestonice
18 101 x Three hearths were found here belonging to the period around 18,000-14,000 BC. Each may have been enclosed within a small tent.
# Pincevent, Reconstructed tent
16 102 A A settlement in which houses were constructed of mammoth bones and tusks, covered with hides. Pits at the site contained various materials: one contained a female figurine and red ochre and had been covered by a mammoth shoulder blade.
# Kostenki, Figurine
8 101 x People visited Koonalda cave at least by 13,000 BC and perhaps as early as 22,000 BC, to mine flint for tools. A number of flint extraction and processing sites are now known from early Australia: generally they also have non-figurative art, such as lines drawn with fingers, and engraved circles.
# Koonalda
1 101 x By 40,000 BC physically modern humans occupied Africa, Europe, Asia and Australia, spreading to the southernmost tip of America by 8000 BC. They built dwellings of wood, bone and skins, made sewn clothing and tools and ornaments of many materials, and led a sophisticated cultural and intellectual life, as can been seen in their remarkable art.
# Modern Humans, one of the art images
4 101 x A number of mammoth bones found at Mezin are believed to have been used as musical instruments - rattles, drums and possibly a xylophone.
